Pdf on the history of cattle genetic resources researchgate. Breeds of livestock hays converter cattle breeds of livestock hereford cattle. Meat is the most important product of beef cattle, but there are many byproducts or secondary products from beef cattle, too. Beef meat, dairy, draft, and multipurpose beef draft, dairydraft, beef dairy and beef dairydraft. Unlike most types, british beef breeds can be logically straightbred for commercial production. A listing of over 50 breeds of beef cattle including their history, traits, description and pictures.
Cattle breeds by origin of country beef2live eat beef. Cows wear longer 10% less depreciation easier calving 10% extra calves. All illustrated in full color formal portraits of a mature bull and mature cow of each breed. Beef meat, dairy, draft, and multipurpose beefdraft, dairydraft, beefdairy and beefdairydraft. Modern domestic cattle evolved from a single early ancestor, the aurochs. The meat of mature or almost mature cattle is mostly known as beef. Cattle today has the nets best cattle forum, usda market news, sale reports, classified ads, ranch listings and news for livestock breeders. The first of these is grading up from one breed to another. Several surveys have shown that, on organic farms, the suffolk, lleyn and the texel are the main sheep breeds.
However, a relatively small number of breeds less than 20 constitute the majority of the genetics. Breeds of cattle at cattle today breeds of beef cattle. The european breeds include charolais, gelbvieh, limousin, maineanjou, salers, and simmental. The british breeds include angus, red angus, hereford, and shorthorn. Beef breeds in missouri many breeds of beef cattle are found in missouri. The most popular beef breeds on organic farms are welsh black, charolais crossbreed, limousin, south devon crossbreed, aberdeen angus and hereford crossbreed.
Seedstock producers provide registered cattl e that have superb genetics. There is a printable worksheet available for download here so you can take the quiz with pen and paper. More than eighty recognized breeds of beef cattle are available to producers in the united states. An introduction to different breeds of beef and dairy cattle. Some authorities date the domestication of cattle as early as 10,000 years ago. Although the material on the breeds is somewhat lengthy it is essential to the understanding of livestock producers strategies.
Characterizing breeds of beef cattle british breeds british breeds are breeds that were developed in the british isles and were brought to the united states in the late 1700s through the late 1800s. The expanded volume includes eleven additional breeds. Activity sheets as 1 beef breeds as 2 researching beef breeds 2. Irish farmers journal livestock editor, justin mccarthys complete beef and suckler guide.
Known for their strength and ruggedness, producing. British beef are widely applicable, with some limits in tropical and subtropical climates. Breeds of cattle 2nd edition marks the twentieth anniversary of the 1987 publication. Cattle breeding is one of the tools available to the irish beef and dairy. These breeds are the foundation of the united states beef herd. Over breeds of cattle are recognized worldwide, some of which adapted to the local. The commercial producers provide the cattle that we primarily use for beef. Livestock breeds and organic farming systems march 2007. Cattle breeds of livestock, department of animal science. Continental european breeds and derivatives developed exclusively for beef production. Pdf cattle are our most important livestock species because of their production and role in human culture. Cattle of this breed are known for having double muscling. Red and white cows like the shorthorns are very hardy and enjoy grazing, whatever the weather. Third, select genetic types, breeds, and individuals within breeds for compatibility with the the first two considerations.
If you have information on a breed not listed please contact us and we will aim to add that breed to the list. Lush 1945 noted that stockmen were often misled by the adage that there is more variation within breeds than between breeds into believing that genetic. Many of todays beef breeds that are considered purebreds are actually composites if you go back far enough. Describe the history and identifying characteristics of beef breeds common in missouri. Texas adapted genetic strategies for beef cattle vi. A more formal definition of a composite is a breed made up of at least two com ponent breeds, designed to retain het erosis in future generations without crossbreeding and maintained as a purebred. Some breeds have been around for centuries, while others have been developed in the last couple of decades by mixing older breeds. British breeds are smaller in size than continental breeds but have an increased fleshing and marbling ability. This 71 page ebook includes descriptions of the ideal uses for each breed and the origin.
Longevity cows can stay in production upwards of 15 20 years naturally polled hybrid vigor. How to identify common breeds of beef cattle farm and dairy. Beef friesian, hays converter, holstein, maine anjou, pinzgauer and. Aug 12, 2017 do you know cattle breeds beef edition. This is the second fao publication regarding types and breeds of cattle. Breeds of beef and multipurpose cattle msu college of. The major breeds of importance in the state are angus, red angus, beefmaster, brahman, brangus, charolais, chianina, gelbvieh, hereford, limousin, longhorn, maine anjou. The cattle breeds ebook is a comprehensive guide to the different varieties of cattle.
Apr 17, 2020 cattle breeds by origin of country there are numerous breeds of cattle raised in the united states. Breeds of beef cattle there are approximately 250 breeds of cattle recognized throughout the world, and several hundred breeds that are not currently recognized. Texas adapted genetic strategies for beef cattle v. Beef cattle are cattle raised for meat production as distinguished from dairy cattle, used for milk production. Here is a short list of some of the parts of cattle and how they are used.
Agriculture does not recognize the validity of breeds. Cow breeds can be broken up into four purpose types. A powerpoint with the different breeds and information about them is included with the lesson. Cattle breeds from the united states beef2live eat beef. These cattle are not registered, and will end up as meat for consumers. In us beef production, grading up or straightbreeding to shorthorns, herefords, and angus was the dominant breeding system used from the late 1800s until the 1960s. Sep 14, 2011 crossbreeding systems for beef cattle there are a number of reasons why beef producers could consider crossbreeding rather than traditional straightbreeding programs for their beef enterprises.
The european breeds are known for growing fast and being heavy muscled. Types and breeds of african cattle food and agriculture. Angus the angus breed see figure 15 originated in the highlands of northern scotland in the shires of aberdeen and angus. You can also selectchange the breed you are viewing using the dropdown list in the header above. Apologies if we are missing information on a specific breed. Benton and washington counties are the two largest counties in terms of all cattle and calves numbers, 120,000 and 86,000 head, respectively. Brangus, devon, charolais, brown swiss, hays converter, braford. Cattle breeds from the united states the texas longhorn is a breed of cattle known for its characteristic horns, which can extend to 7 feet 2. Weaber department of animal science and industry kansas state university introduction the dramatic changes and volatility cowcalf production system input costs and calf. The first dealt with zebu cattle of india and pakistan. For example, some breeds of dogs and beef cattle have been selected such that they are.
Some composite breeds of beef ations with a governing body as well. As a breed salers are very intelligent and calm in temperament. The hays converter is a breed of cattle native specifically to alberta, canada. Soon thereafter, good herds of shorthorn cattle were established in. Composite beef cattle registry why breed composites. The salers has the largest, well shaped pelvic area of the major beef breeds which accounts for their exceptional calving ease and it also has a shorter than average gestation period.
Aberdeen angus blonde daquitaine charolais galloway hays. Why breed composites compositebeef cattle are a range of new breeds or new lines bred specifically to improve hybrid vigor. Mixed color breeds include beefmaster, braford and. Type and breed characteristics and uses tamu animal science. Matching applicable performance or functional levels to environmental, management, and marketing conditions. Most breeds of beef cattle have a fixed color pattern that is characteristic for that breed because of previous selection. These are part of what are sometimes called exotics. Over 60 of these breeds are present in the united states. Cattle producers began using shorthorn bulls on their polled aberdeenangus cow. Cattle breeds africander africander history africander cattle also known as afrikaner, were developed from the native khoikhoi cattle of the cape of good hope which are thought to have arisen from the longhorned zebu and the egyptian longhorn and is a native south african breed. Say, to begin, breeds are usually divided into two groups.
To take advantage of hybrid vigor, cross them with other breeds of this type and with all other types. However, an exact count is difficult to obtain because other breeds continue to be. Beef cattle breeds and biological types virginia tech. Proceedings, the range beef cow symposium xxiv november 17, 18 and 19, 2015 loveland, colorado crossbreeding strategies. Over the last ten years, since the formation of icbf the irish cattle breeding. Robert bakewell, circa 1775, english pioneer creator of breeds of livestock. Almost all of the beef cattle animal is used to make things we need.
British breeds are suitable for generalpurpose production. Draw in the space below a picture of a cow and her calf at a commercial producer ranch. Quality of meat of beef breeds bulls article pdf available in medycyna weterynaryjna 5710. Greater immune response when compared to other beef breeds calving ease calf vigor senepol are similar to angus in calving and light birth weight with good calf vigor maternal efficiency fleshing and foraging ability of the senepol cow. But for beef cattle production, breeds are only part of a genetic strategy that should include. The subject of breeds intrigues most cattle producers. This 71 page ebook includes descriptions of the ideal uses for each breed and their origins. First, determine the production and marketing conditions and match applicable levels of animal performance to these conditions. Greiner, extension animal scientist, virginia tech worldwide there are more than 250 breeds of beef cattle. Textbook animal breeding animal breeding and genetics for. Select the beef cattle breed you would like to know about from the list below. The cattle breeds ebook is a comprehensive guide to many varieties of cattle.
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